The Housing Finance System

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    A. Primary Housing Finance Market

    A.1 Industry Structure and Performance
    VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
    Types of originating lenders/market share:A.1.2
    Universal/ commercial banks  Not availableA.1.2.1
    Are there (quasi) public mortgage lenders:YesYesYes
    Country Editor
    		A.1.4
    Universal/ commercial banksYes  
    Country Editor
    		A.1.4.1
    Other depository institutions (savings and loans/mutual savings and credit institutions)Yes  
    Country Editor
    		A.1.4.2
    Others (e.g. insurance co, pension funds, labor tax funds)YesYesYes
    Country Editor
    		A.1.4.5
    Typical lending spreads for mortgages1.35%1.36%1.37%
    Country Editor
    		A.1.5
    Level of Non-Performing Mortgage Loans (90 days or more past due):A.1.6
    as a % of # of loans.2%.23%.1%
    Country Editor
    		A.1.6.1
    Average 1997-2007 A.1.7
    A.2 Size of Mortgage Finance Sector
    VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
    Total amount of home mortgage loans outstanding at the end of year in millions of USD:227,033.45 USD (millions)222,721.19 USD (millions)197,192.08 USD (millions)
    Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
    		A.2.1
    Total amount of home mortgage loans outstanding at the end of year as % of GDP (current)37.67%38.9%37.16%
    Central Bank of the Republic of China Taiwan
    		A.2.1.1
    and as % of all credits outstanding29.11%29.24%29.45%
    Central Bank of the Republic of China Taiwan
    		A.2.1.2
    Total # of home mortgage loans outstanding at the end of year15,009 thousand  
    Country Editor
    		A.2.2
    A.3 Housing Finance Products
    VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
    Mortgage products as % of all mortgages (approx.) in local currency:A.3.1
    Most prevalent type of foreign currency mortgage used:A.3.3
    Most frequent interest rates on fully amortizing:A.3.4
    Typical lender fees associated with mortgage origination: A.3.6
    as % of loan amount  1%
    Country Editor
    		A.3.6.2
    Typical third party fees associated with mortgage origination:A.3.7
    Loan-to-Value (LTV) on first mortgage: A.3.8
    Maximum LTV808060
    Central Bank of the Republic of China Taiwan
    		A.3.8.1
    Typical LTV at origination606060
    Central Bank of the Republic of China Taiwan
    		A.3.8.2
    Mortgage pmt-to-income ratio A.3.10
    Maximum pmt-to-income ratio (HH income)  33.77%
    IFC Bulletin
    		A.3.10.1
    Typical pmt-to-income ratio (HH income)  28.2%A.3.10.3
    A.4 Lending and Servicing Process
    VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
    Which institutions define underwriting rules? A.4.2
    A.5 Credit Risk Assessment
    VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
    Do credit bureaus exist? YesYesYes
    Joint Credit Information Center
    		A.5.2
    Are there legal/regulatory constraints to gaining access to credit information?Yes  
    Country Editor
    		A.5.2.1
    Is mortgage default insurance available?YesYesYes
    Country Editor
    		A.5.3
    Is there public sponsored MI / guarantee?Yes  
    Country Editor
    		A.5.5
    B. Funding Sources for Mortgages and the Secondary Mortgage Market
    VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
    What are the main funding sources for mortgages?B.1
    Retail funding (deposits/other)primaryprimaryprimary
    Country Editor
    		B.1.1
    Funding through securitization of mortgagessecondarysecondarysecondary
    Country Editor
    		B.1.4
    C. Housing Microfinance
    VariableEnd of 2018End of 2017End of 2016SourcesVar ID
    Types of lenders operating in the housing micro-finance (HMF) sector:C.2
    Level of NPLs (>90 days past due) in HMFC.4
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    Notes: <1%
    Notes: 1 ping = 3.305 sq.mt
    Notes: Building tax - annual rate of 1.2% to 2% of its current assessed value; Land value tax - residential land is taxed at a flat rate of 0.2%, if certain prescribed conditions can be met.
    Notes: Building tax - annual tax of 1.2-2% of current value for residential properties Land value tax - land for residential use is taxed at a flat rate of 0.2%
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax is applied on any transfer of a title, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when LVIT applied (see capital gains tax comment). Current form of deed tax has been around since 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax on purchase and sale is 6%, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when the LVIT is applied. Current form of deed tax was written in 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax on purchase and sale is 6%, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when the LVIT is applied. Current form of deed tax was written in 1952.
    Notes: Deed tax on purchase and sale is 6%, paid by the purchaser of the property. Exempt when the LVIT is applied. Current form of deed tax was written in 1952.
    Notes: Gains on sales of property are subject to the nation's progressive income tax Gains on sales of land are taxed under Land Value Increment Tax (LVIT) which varies from 20-40%
    Notes: Gains on sales of property are subject to the nation's progressive income tax; Gains on sales of land are taxed under Land Value Increment Tax (LVIT) which varies from 20-40%
    Notes: Gains on sales of property are subject to the nation's progressive income tax; Gains on sales of land are taxed under Land Value Increment Tax (LVIT) which varies from 20-40%
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: LTV ratio capped at 60% in June 2010 until significant amendment in August 2015 exempted certain metro areas. March 2016 the entire LTV cap was repealed. LTV ratio cap on very high value properties of 50% implemented in June 2010 changed to 60% in 2015--left unchanged in 2016.
    Notes: Many of the constraints were repealed in 2015 but a few remain in place, especially those regarding high-value property
    Notes: Many of the constraints were repealed in 2015 but a few remain in place, especially those regarding high-value property
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Specific share of mortgage lending by commercial banks and state-owned commercial banks is unavailable, but both have been active lenders in the mortgage market according to IMF report since 2008.
    Notes: Total dwelling units not made of steel, concrete, or brick, i.e. made of wood, bamboo, and stone.
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate
    Notes: Uses average exchange rate